High Hood
A Look-enhancing, Power-enhancing Hood Add-on
Giving the Saturn an additional boost both to its looks and performance is the Saturn hood scoop. Saturn's hood scoop is an air vent on the hood of a vehicle that allows a flow of air to directly enter the engine compartment. Closed hood scoops are attached as a purely aesthetic add-on, while the other types of scoops serve in different possible ways.
The Saturn hood scoop is designed to let outside air into the engine's intake through a heat-resistant tub or channel, and ahead of the air cleaner and carburetor or fuel injection manifold. When a vehicle is running at relatively higher velocity, a properly attached hood scoop increases the speed and pressure with which air enters the engine’s intake. As a result, a resonating supercharge effect is created resulting to an additional 10-15 HP output. Such effects are usually felt at high speeds that make ram air especially fitted for racing instead of street performance. Some engines with turbochargers are equipped with top mounted intercoolers to reduce the temperature and on the other hand, increase the density of the high-pressure air from the compressor. An improvement to the power output is thus made.
A Saturn hood scoop may be part of the hood or the engine's air cleaner assembly jutting through a hole cut into the hood. Such a scoop is called a shaker because the scoop vibrates visibly when the engine is running, especially under power. For it to attain its full potential, a functional scoop must be located at a high-pressure area on the hood. Some functional scoops are located at the rear of the hood, near the vehicle's cowl. It is at the cowl where the curvature of the windshield creates a high-pressure zone.
Despite its obvious performance-enhancing functions, the Saturn hood scoop may pose several problems to a vehicle owner. For example, the scoop opening increases the audible engine noise---a problem a problem car owners must solve to abide by laws that regulate noise levels created by automobiles. Another problem is the possibility of debris or water getting directly into the engine. The scoop air intake's cooling effect may also complicate engine warm-up and pollution control. Because of these, manufacturers created scoop designs that can be shut until opened by engine vacuum.
About the Author
Anthony Fontanelle is a 35-year-old automotive buff who grew up in the Windy City. He does freelance work for an automotive magazine when he is not busy customizing cars in his shop.
High Hood
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What kind of aquarium hood/light do I need for live plants?
I'm getting a couple live plants for my new 10g aquarium. While reading about them, I found out they have high light requirements. Would a typical incandescent hood with incandescent light bulb suffice? If not, would a flourescent hood/light work out alright? I'd really rather not get the flourescent hood unless I have to... they're so expensive ><
The best is to go to an "aquatic gardener" site and check specific requirements for the plants you are considering.... all have specific ranges they thrive in.
Incandescent lights only drawback really is the heat generated.You can get incandescents in the various spectrum just like flourescents.
Long as you have a way to cool the bulbs (and with it the tank),I see no problems.
On a 10g tank you won't have to mess with any "ratios" because of it's depth... use the straight recommendation.If a plant calls for 3watts per gallon,then it's 30watts of light.... if it's 1.5 wpg then its 15watts required.Pretty simple to calculate on an 10g tank.
You may get away with incandescent if you elevate the hood and "flow" air over under it with a fan.
Due to heat variances between tank and room temperature,you may be doing quite a bit of "topping off".The higher tank temp is above room temp,the faster it evaporates.