Deck Girder Bridge
Know Concrete Beam Design and Working AutoCAD Drawings
A commercial bridge contains three main structural members – Substructure (foundation), Superstructure and Deck. The foundation is used to transmit the full weight of the bridge to the earth. It is made up of two components – abutments and columns. An abutment is the link between the end of the bridge and the ground offering support to the end segments of the bridge. The superstructure is the horizontal platform that extends over the distance between columns. The deck of the bridge is the traffic-carrying exterior plane added to the superstructure.
The bridge design involves number of factors, including the live/dead loads, wind patterns, local geography, water streams, soil conditions, seismic potential, estimated traffic and cost constraints.
The basic type of bridge is the beam or girder bridge having concrete beam as its main component. The design of pre-stressed concrete beams is perhaps one of the most complex jobs for the structural engineer. With most materials, the designer has to select the shape of the cross section and web & flange thicknesses. In pre-stressed concrete, there are many variables. Not only the shape is variable, but the position and quantity of the pre-stress can be changed to suit the specific application.
The structural engineer firm needs to prepare and submit various construction drawings to local authorities and Engineer of Records (EOR) for approval. AutoCAD drawings related to concrete beam design contain beam reinforcement details, design notes, precast slab reinforcements details, bridge cross section, pier pile cap details, abutment pile reinforcement details and various detail drawings for the concrete bridge.
Remember, to ensure effective bridge beam design and its successful implementation you should hire a professional design team to deliver drawings as per your specifications & standards. You can also think over outsourcing concrete beam design related needs to developing countries like India for better utilization of your resources & get significant cost advantages!
For any queries related to concrete beam design/drawings email us at info@outsourcestructuraldrafting.com
Visit http://www.outsourcestucturaldrafting.com/contact.php to get obligation free quote for your specific requirements.
About the Author
Richard Bose is structural engineer (bridge) at OSD - an India based structural engineering consultant offering full services such as structural drafting, AutoCAD drawings and structural design services at affordable rates. Email us at info@outsourcestructuraldrafting.com
Deck Girder Bridge
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What is Steel Detailing and What are Steel Detailing Standards?
Steel detailing is the crucial process of producing shop fabrication drawings and structure erection plans from available architectural drawings provided by the architect.
Professional Steel Detailer is an engineering drafter well versed with fabrication and erection procedures. The Detailer must be familiar with welding and installation process along with the knowledge of various types of bolts and fasteners and their strengths. The Detailer must have detailed information regarding finish and cleaning specifications as well as about all kind of structures, bridges, trusses, girders, handrails, bar joists, ladders, railings, stairs and other miscellaneous structural steel members.
The Detailer must be a skilled draftsperson, expert in understanding and analyzing structural design drawings and architectural plans, be able to resolve geometry equations and prepare accurate and meaningful fabrication details and erection drawings. The Detailer should have knowledge of wind and gravity loads and material stresses. He must be familiar with different type of steel and other materials, architectural details of construction and be able to produce various types of beam-beam or column-column connections.
Other issues that a detailer may address include:
# Quality of design drawings
# Documentation for bidding and order
# Participate in BIM Management
# Speed of fabrication process
# Erection & fabrication liaison
Some of the most poplar steel detailing standards are mentioned below.
US Standards:
# American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
# American society of civil Engineers (ASCE)
# American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)
# American Galvanizers Association
# American Welding Society (AWS)
# Steel Erectors Association of USA
# Steel Deck Institute
# Steel Joist Institute
Canadian Standards: Canadian Institute of Steel Construction (CISC)
European Standards: Euro Codes and British Standard Codes (BS)
Australian Standards: Australian Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
Steel detailers and checkers deliver effective detailing services in compliance with AISC and country-specific steel detailing standards.
For any queries related to Steel Detailing and Steel Shop Drawing services email us at info@outsourcingsteeldetailing.com
Visit us at http://www.outsourcingsteeldetailing.com/detailing_services.php for more information.
About the Author
James Lee is a steel detailer at OSTD – a leading Steel Detailing and Engineering firm providing quality steel structure detailing, steel design and structural shop drawing services to its client at affordable rates. For further details email us at info@outsourcingsteeldetailing.com